Catalogue entry

FWN 915

Grand baigneur

c.1885

Alternate titles: Baigneur; Der Badende; Grand Baigneur; Jeune homme nu; Le Baigneur; Le grand baigneur; Male Figure; The Bather; The large bather

Rewald (555): c.1885; Venturi revised: 1888–90; Venturi (548): 1885–87; Rivière: 1882; Machotka et al: c.1890

Oil on canvas

50 x 38 1/8 in. (127 x 96.8 cm)

Vollard A stockbook: no. 3453, huile. homme nu les mains sur le hanche regardant ses pieds, fond bleu, 131 x 98 cm (200 frs)

Vollard archives: photo no. 562, Annotated by Cezanne's son: 1885

The Museum of Modern Art, New York (Lillie P. Bliss Collection)

Keywords

Figure compositions
Bathers and Nudes:
- male bather / baigneur »
Technique and Condition:
- copy after a photograph »

Provenance

Ambroise Vollard, Paris

Prince de Wagram (Alexandre Berthier), Paris (Mar. 21, 1906)

Ambroise Vollard, Paris (Jan. 2, 1907)

Paul Rosenberg, Paris and New York

Marius de Zayas, New York

Lillie P. Bliss, New York;

The Museum of Modern Art, New York (1934)

Exhibition History

1899b Paris

Galerie Vollard, Paris, Paul Cézanne, November 15–December 1899, no. 9, as Baigneur, tentative identification (see reviews).

1910d Paris

Galerie Vollard, Paris, Figures de Cézanne, June 27–July 23, 1910, no. 1, as Baigneur, tentative identification.

1917b Paris

Paul Rosenberg, Paris, Art français du XIXe siècle au profit de l'Association Générale des mutilés de la guerre, June 25–July 13, 1917, no. 9, as Le Baigneur, lent by Rosenberg.

1917 Zurich

Kunsthaus Zürich, Zurich, Französische Kunst des XIX. und XX. Jahrhunderts, October 5–November 14, 1917, no. 32, ill., as Grand Baigneur, lent by A.K [possible misprint for Vollard].

1919 Paris

Paul Rosenberg, Paris, L'art français au XIXe siècle, 1919.

1921c New York

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Paintings, May 3–September 15, 1921, no. 10, ill., as The Bather, lent by anon. [Bliss].

1926 Brooklyn

Brooklyn Academy of Arts and Sciences, Brooklyn, New York, Summer Exhibition of Modern French and American Painters, June 12–October 14, 1926, lent by Miss Bliss.

1928e New York

Durand-Ruel, New York, French Masterpieces of the Late XIX Century, March 20–April 10, 1928, no. 2, as Jeune homme nu, lent by anon.

1929 New York

The Museum of Modern Art, New York, The museum's first loan exhibition: Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, van Gogh, November 8–December 7, 1929, no. 11, ill., (dated 1877), as Male Figure, lent by Private collection, N.Y.

1931–32 New York and traveling

The Museum of Modern Art, New York, Memorial Exhibition: The Collection of the Late Miss Lillie P. Bliss, May 17–September 27, 1931, no. 8, as The Bather. Traveled to: Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, October 17–December 15, 1931; John Herron Art Institute, Indianapolis, January 1932.

1934c New York

The Museum of Modern Art, New York, The Lillie P. Bliss Collection, May 14–September 12, 1934, no. 8, ill.

1934 Philadelphia

Pennsylvania Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne, November–December 1934, no. 35, ill., (dated c. 1890–93), as The Bather, lent by Museum of Modern Art.

1935 Pittsburgh

Carnegie Art Institute, Pittsburgh, Paintings, Drawings and Watercolors from the Lillie P. Bliss Collection, March 13–April 10, 1935, no. 11, as The Bather.

1935 Northampton

Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton, Massachusetts, French Paintings from the Lillie P. Bliss Collection, April 23–May 19, 1935, no. 5, as The Bather.

1936 Toledo

Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio, Cézanne and Gauguin, November 1–December 13, 1936, no. 20, ill., as The Bather, lent by MoMA.

1940f New York

New York World's Fair, New York, Masterpieces of Art, May–October 1940, no. 338, ill., as The Bather, lent by MoMA.

1942 Montreal

Montreal Art Association, Montreal, Masterpieces of Art, February 5–March 8, 1942, no. 67.

1952 Chicago and traveling

The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cézanne: Paintings, Watercolors & Drawings, A Loan Exhibition, February 7–March 16, 1952, no. 66, ill. lent by Museum of Modern Art. Traveled to: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 1–May 16, 1952.

1989 Basel

Kunstmuseum, Basel, Switzerland, Paul Cézanne: Die Badenden, September 10–December 10, 1989, no. 47, pp. 132–33, pl. 95.

1995–96 Paris and traveling

Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 104, ill. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.

2009 Philadelphia

Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne and Beyond, February 26–May 17, 2009, pl. 64, p. 238, as Grand baigneur.

2021a New York

Museum of Modern Art, New York, Cézanne Drawing, June 6–September 25, 2021, pl. 100, Museum of Modern Art.

2022–23 Chicago and traveling

The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cezanne, May 15–September 5, 2022, no. 99, ill. Traveled to: Tate Moderrn, London, October 6, 2022–March 12, 2023.

Published References

Carroll 1921

Carroll, Raymond. "Art Atrocities Puzzles Critics." Evening Public Ledger (Philadelphia), September 7, 1921, p. 5, as The Bather.

Rivière 1923

Rivière, Georges. Le Maître Paul Cézanne. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1923, p. 210, listed.

Pène du Bois 1931

Pène du Bois, Guy. "The Lillie P. Bliss Collection." Arts 17, no. 9 (June 1931), p. 612, ill.

Sweeney 1931

Sweeney, James Johnson. "The Bliss Collection." Creative Art 8 (May 1931), p. 357.

Klein 1934

Klein, Jerome. The Lillie P. Bliss Collection. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1934, no. 8.

Venturi 1936b

Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 548, ill. vol. II, as Le grand baigneur.

Barr 1942

Barr, Jr., Alfred H. Painting and Sculpture in the Museum of Modern Art. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1942, p. 30, no. 92, ill. p. 31, as The Bather.

Dorival 1948

Dorival, Bernard. Cézanne. Paris: Pierre Tisné, 1948, pl. 129, listed pp. 167-168.

Schapiro 1952a

Schapiro, Meyer. Cézanne. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1952, pp. 68–69, ill.

Schapiro 1952b

Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1952, p. 15.

Hofmann 1953

Hofmann, Werner. Paul Cézanne (1839-1906). Munich, Vienna, Basel: Kurt Desch, 1953, pl. 16, as Der Badende, 1885-87.

Rousseau 1953

Rousseau, Théodore, Jr. Paul Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1953, pl. 16.

Barr 1954

Barr, Jr., Alfred H. Masters of Modern Art. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1954, p. 23, ill.

Raynal 1954

Raynal, Maurice. Cézanne. Geneva: Skira, 1954, p. 77, ill.

Beucken 1955

Beucken, Jean de. Un portrait de Cézanne. Paris: Gallimard, [1955], p. 231.

Reff 1959

Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne: The Enigma of the Nude." Art News 58, no. 8 (November 1959), pp. 29, 68.

Reff 1962a

Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne's Bather with Outstretched Arms." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 59, periode 6 (March 1962), p. 188 note 6.

Waldfogel 1965

Waldfogel, Melvin. "Caillebotte, Vollard and Cézanne's 'Baigneurs au repos.'" Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 65, periode 6 (February 1965), p. 119, fig. 6 p. 120, as Le grand baigneur.

Murphy 1968

Murphy, Richard W. The World of Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Time-Life Books, 1968, p. 112.

Schapiro 1973

Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. Translated by Louis-Marie Ollivier. Paris: Nouvelles Editions Françaises, 1973, pl. 21 (with comments).

Elgar 1975

Elgar, Frank. Cézanne. New York: Praeger, 1975, cover, fig. 138.

Wadley 1975

Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1975, pl. 54.

Lesko 1976

Lesko, Diane. "Cézanne's 'Bather' and a Found Self-Portrait." Artforum 15, no. 4 (December 1976), p. 55, ill.

Rubin 1977b

Rubin, William, ed. "Cézannisme and the Beginnings of Cubism." In Cézanne: The Late Work. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1977. Exhibition catalogue, p. 181, ill.

Ponente 1980

Ponente, Nello. Paul Cézanne. Bologna: Capitol, 1980, pl. 14.

Düchting 1989

Düchting, Hajo. Paul Cézanne: Natur wird Kunst. Cologne: Benedict Taschen Verlag, 1989, p. 150, ill.

Rewald 1989

Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, pp. 305, 319, 327, 330, fig. 156.

Wadley 1989

Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1989, p. 68, ill. in color.

Verdi 1992

Verdi, Richard. Cézanne. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1992, p. 107, fig. 89.

Wattenmaker et al 1993

Wattenmaker, Richard et al. Great French Paintings from The Barnes Foundation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993. Exhibition catalogue, p. 104, fig. 3.

Patin 1995

Patin, Sylvie. Cézanne. Paris: Editions Hazan, 1995, p. 69.

Cahn 1995b

Cahn, Isabelle. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Somogy Editions d'Art, 1995, p. 123, ill.

Rewald 1996

Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 555, ill. vol. 2 and p. 34, ill. col. vol. 1, as Le grand baigneur.

Gervais 1997

Gervais, David. "A Picture by Cézanne: 'Le Grand Baigneur.'" The Cambridge Quarterly 26, no. 2 (1997), fig. 1.

Cowling 1998

Cowling, Elizabeth. "The passage of time in Picasso's 'neo-classical' painting." Apollo (London) 148, no. 439 (October 1998), fig. 16, p. 9, as The large bather, 1885.

Lewis 2000

Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne. London: Phaidon, 2000, p. 164, fig. 103.

Ballas 2002

Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, p. 291, no. 111, ill., as Le grand baigneur, 1885-87.

Athanassoglou-Kallmyer 2003

Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, pp. 186, 202, fig. 5.14, as Grand baigneur.

Dittmann 2005

Dittmann, Lorenz. Die Kunst Cézannes: Farbe, Rythmus, Symbolik. Cologne: Böhlau, 2005, pl. 11.

Feilchenfeldt 2005e

Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Gemälde: Formate und Themen, Echtheitsfragen." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 234, ill.

Conisbee 2006c

Conisbee, Philip. "The Atelier des Lauves." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 234, fig. 7, as Grand baigneur.

Machotka 2008

Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 209; vol. 2, p. 146, as Le grand baigneur.

Bernstein 2009

Bernstein, Roberta. "Cézanne and Johns: 'At Every Point in Nature There Is Something to See.'" In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 470, fig. 17.3, as The Bather.

Cowling 2009

Cowling, Elizabeth. "'Le drame de l'homme.' Le Cézannisme de Picasso en 1906–08." In Picasso, Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Réunion des musées nationaux, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 43, fig. 2, as Grand baigneur.

Elderfield 2009

Elderfield, John. "Picasso's Extreme Cézanne." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 238, pl. 64, as The Bather.

Rishel 2009

Rishel, Joseph J. "Cézanne and Hartley: On Sacred Ground." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 182, ill., p. 238, pl. 64, as The Bather.

Lanchner 2011

Lanchner, Carolyn. 10 Works by Paul Cézanne in the Museum of Modern Art Collection. MoMA Artists Series. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2011, pp. 11–15.

Colrat 2013

Colrat, Jean. Cézanne: Joindre les mains errantes de la nature. Paris-Sorbonne: PUPS, 2013, p. 104, pl. 23.

Callen 2015

Callen, Anthea. The Work of Art: Plein-air Painting and Artistic Identiy in the Nineteenth-century France. London: Reaktion Books Ltd, 2015, pp. 203-5, fig. 150 p. 202, as The Bather.

Lloyd 2015

Lloyd, Christopher. Paul Cézanne, Drawings and Watercolors. London and Los Angeles: Thames & Hudson and John Paul Getty Museum, 2015, p. 175, fig. 120.

Freudenberg 2017

Freudenberg, Inken. "The Chimerical Pursuit of Art, Paul Cézanne and Gustave Flaubert: An Affinity Explored." In Cézanne Metamorphoses. Munich and Karlsruhe: Prestel and Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 2.

Armstrong 2018

Armstrong, Carol. Cézanne's Gravity. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2018, fig. 102.

France-Lanord 2018

France-Lanord, Hadrien. La couleur et la parole: les chemins de Paul Cézanne et de Martin Heidegger. Paris: Gallimard, 2018, ill. p. 253 (detail), as Grand baigneur.

Dombrowski, Ireson and Patry 2021

Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, p. 295, fig. 2, as The Bather.

Nagaï 2022

Nagaï, Takanori. "L'idée de l'anti-modernisation social chez Cézanne." Bulletin of Kyoto Institute of Technology 14 (February 2022), fig. 45bis.

Nagaï 2022a

Nagaï, Takanori. Truth in Panting: The Meaning of Cezanne's Practices for Modernizing Society. Tokyo: Sangesha Publishers Inc., 2022, pl. 43.

Related work

Record last updated December 20, 2021. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.

Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Grand baigneur, c.1885 (FWN 915)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=542 (accessed on April 24, 2024).